Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an infection that can cause severe liver damage, sometimes resulting in death. Hepatitis B is very common around the world, particularly in Africa, the Indian sub-continent and throughout the rest of Asia.
An estimated 240 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis B (defined as hepatitis B surface antigen positive for at least 6 months). More than 686 000 people die every year due to complications of hepatitis B, including cirrhosis and liver cancer. .
Transmission and prevention
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV can be transmitted in similar ways, but hepatitis B is more infectious. Both are spread by contact with infected body fluids such as blood, semen and vaginal fluid, or from a mother to her baby during pregnancy or delivery.
Diagnosis and monitoring
All people living with HIV should be screened for hepatitis B. There are a number of tests to determine if you are currently infected with hepatitis B, if you have been infected and if you have managed to clear the infection – which makes you immune to future infection – or if you are immune due to vaccination. Following detection of HbsAg in the blood, further investigation would be conducted like Full hepatitis B profile, Liver Function Test, Viral Load, and abdominal scan with subsequent monitoring based on the discretion of your physician.
Symptoms and disease progression
The majority of adults who are infected with hepatitis B have no symptoms, and infection is often only diagnosed by routine blood tests and monitoring the health of the liver.
Some people, however, develop symptoms soon after being infected with hepatitis B (known as the acute phase). These can include the following:
Fatigue (unusual tiredness).
Fever (high temperature).
Nausea and vomiting.
Loss of appetite.
Pain in the upper abdomen or belly.
Muscle or joint aches.
Feeling generally unwell (malaise).
Yellowing of the skin and the eyes (jaundice)
An estimated 240 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis B (defined as hepatitis B surface antigen positive for at least 6 months). More than 686 000 people die every year due to complications of hepatitis B, including cirrhosis and liver cancer
Transmission and prevention
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV can be transmitted in similar ways, but hepatitis B is more infectious. Both are spread by contact with infected body fluids such as blood, semen and vaginal fluid, or from a mother to her baby during pregnancy or delivery.
Diagnosis and monitoring
All people living with HIV should be screened for hepatitis B. There are a number of tests to determine if you are currently infected with hepatitis B, if you have been infected and if you have managed to clear the infection – which makes you immune to future infection – or if you are immune due to vaccination. Following detection of HbsAg in the blood, further investigation would be conducted like Full hepatitis B profile, Liver Function Test, Viral Load, and abdominal scan with subsequent monitoring based on the discretion of your physician.
Symptoms and disease progression
The majority of adults who are infected with hepatitis B have no symptoms, and infection is often only diagnosed by routine blood tests and monitoring the health of the liver.
Some people, however, develop symptoms soon after being infected with hepatitis B (known as the acute phase). These can include the following:
Fatigue (unusual tiredness).
Fever (high temperature).
Nausea and vomiting.
Loss of appetite.
Pain in the upper abdomen or belly.
Muscle or joint aches.
Feeling generally unwell (malaise).
Yellowing of the skin and the eyes (jaundice)
Hepatitis B and HIV
Between 5 and 10% of people with HIV are also infected with hepatitis B virus (often called co-infection). People with HIV are less likely to naturally clear the hepatitis B without treatment. People with HIV and hepatitis co-infection can have faster liver disease progression and may not respond as well to hepatitis B treatment. But having hepatitis B does not seem to make HIV disease worse.
Treatment Options
If you know your hepatitis B status and you are positive, or you know someone who is kindly leave a comment below or contact us at whitecoatweb@gmail.com to book a clinic visit with our Consultant Gastroenterologist or seek advice from a General Practitioner.
Between 5 and 10% of people with HIV are also infected with hepatitis B virus (often called co-infection). People with HIV are less likely to naturally clear the hepatitis B without treatment. People with HIV and hepatitis co-infection can have faster liver disease progression and may not respond as well to hepatitis B treatment. But having hepatitis B does not seem to make HIV disease worse.
Treatment Options
If you know your hepatitis B status and you are positive, or you know someone who is kindly leave a comment below or contact us at whitecoatweb@gmail.com to book a clinic visit with our Consultant Gastroenterologist or seek advice from a General Practitioner.
REFERENCES
1. www.who.int/mediacentre
2. http://www.aidsmap.com
1. www.who.int/mediacentre
2. http://www.aidsmap.com
I was diagnosed as HEPATITIS B carrier in 2013 with fibrosis of the
ReplyDeleteliver already present. I started on antiviral medications which
reduced the viral load initially. After a couple of years the virus
became resistant. I started on HEPATITIS B Herbal treatment from
ULTIMATE LIFE CLINIC (www.ultimatelifeclinic.com) in March, 2020. Their
treatment totally reversed the virus. I did another blood test after
the 6 months long treatment and tested negative to the virus. Amazing
treatment! This treatment is a breakthrough for all HBV carriers.
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